webgl_22_LightCube.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8"/>
    <title>Light Cube</title>
</head>
<body>

<canvas id="canvas" width="400" height="400">
    Please use a browser that supports "canvas"
</canvas>

<script id="vertex-shader" type="glsl">
    attribute vec4 a_Position;
    attribute vec4 a_Color;
    attribute vec3 a_Normal;
    uniform vec3 u_LightColor;
    uniform vec3 u_LightDirection;
    uniform mat4 u_mvpMatrix;
    varying vec4 v_Color;

    void main() {
        gl_Position = u_mvpMatrix * a_Position;
        // 标准化（把长度变为 1 ）
        vec3 normal = normalize(a_Normal);
        float nDotL = max(dot(u_LightDirection, normal), 0.0);
        vec3 diffuse = u_LightColor * a_Color.rgb * nDotL;
        v_Color = vec4(diffuse, a_Color.a);
    }
</script>

<script id="fragment-shader" type="glsl">
    precision mediump float;
    varying vec4 v_Color;
    void main() {
       gl_FragColor = v_Color;
    }
</script>

<script src="lib/cuon-matrix.js"></script>
<script src="lib/myutils.js"></script>

<script>
    var VERTEX_SHADER_SOURCE = document.getElementById('vertex-shader').text;
    var FRAGMENT_SHADER_SOURCE = document.getElementById('fragment-shader').text;

    var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
    var gl = canvas.getContext('webgl');

    if (!initShaders(gl, VERTEX_SHADER_SOURCE, FRAGMENT_SHADER_SOURCE)) {
        alert('Failed to init shaders');
    }

    var n = initVertexBuffers(gl);

    var u_mvpMatrix = gl.getUniformLocation(gl.program, 'u_mvpMatrix');
    var u_LightColor = gl.getUniformLocation(gl.program, 'u_LightColor');
    var u_LightDirection = gl.getUniformLocation(gl.program, 'u_LightDirection');

    // 设置光源颜色
    gl.uniform3f(u_LightColor, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
    // 设置光源方向
    var lightDirection = new Vector3([0.5, 3.0, 4.0]);
    lightDirection.normalize(); // 标准化（长度变为 1）
    gl.uniform3fv(u_LightDirection, lightDirection.elements);

    // <projection matrix> * <view matrix>
    var mvpMatrix = new Matrix4();
    mvpMatrix.setPerspective(30, 1, 1, 100);
    mvpMatrix.lookAt(3, 3, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0);
    gl.uniformMatrix4fv(u_mvpMatrix, false, mvpMatrix.elements);

    gl.enable(gl.DEPTH_TEST);
    gl.clearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
    gl.clear(gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | gl.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
    gl.drawElements(gl.TRIANGLES, n, gl.UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0);

    function initVertexBuffers(gl) {
        // Create a cube
        //    v6----- v5
        //   /|      /|
        //  v1------v0|
        //  | |     | |
        //  | |v7---|-|v4
        //  |/      |/
        //  v2------v3

        var vertices = new Float32Array([
            1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0,  // v0-v1-v2-v3 front
            1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0,  // v0-v3-v4-v5 right
            1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0,  // v0-v5-v6-v1 up
            -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0,  // v1-v6-v7-v2 left
            -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0,  // v7-v4-v3-v2 down
            1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -1.0   // v4-v7-v6-v5 back
        ]);

        var colors = new Float32Array([    // Colors
            1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,     // v0-v1-v2-v3 front
            1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,     // v0-v3-v4-v5 right
            1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,     // v0-v5-v6-v1 up
            1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,     // v1-v6-v7-v2 left
            1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,     // v7-v4-v3-v2 down
            1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0　    // v4-v7-v6-v5 back
        ]);

        var normals = new Float32Array([    // Normal
            0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0,  // v0-v1-v2-v3 front
            1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0,  // v0-v3-v4-v5 right
            0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0,  // v0-v5-v6-v1 up
            -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0,  // v1-v6-v7-v2 left
            0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0,  // v7-v4-v3-v2 down
            0.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, -1.0, 0.0, 0.0, -1.0   // v4-v7-v6-v5 back
        ]);

        var indices = new Uint8Array([       // Indices of the vertices
            0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3,    // front
            4, 5, 6, 4, 6, 7,    // right
            8, 9, 10, 8, 10, 11,    // up
            12, 13, 14, 12, 14, 15,    // left
            16, 17, 18, 16, 18, 19,    // down
            20, 21, 22, 20, 22, 23     // back
        ]);

        if (!initArrayBuffer(gl, vertices, 3, gl.FLOAT, 'a_Position')) {
            return -1;
        }
        if (!initArrayBuffer(gl, colors, 3, gl.FLOAT, 'a_Color')) {
            return -1;
        }
        if (!initArrayBuffer(gl, normals, 3, gl.FLOAT, 'a_Normal')) {
            return -1;
        }

        var indexBuffer = gl.createBuffer();
        if (!indexBuffer) {
            console.log('Failed to create index buffer');
            return -1;
        }
        gl.bindBuffer(gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, indexBuffer);
        gl.bufferData(gl.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, indices, gl.STATIC_DRAW);

        return indices.length;
    }

    function initArrayBuffer(gl, data, numOfComponents, dataType, attributeName) {
        var buffer = gl.createBuffer();
        if (!buffer) {
            console.log('Failed to create buffer object');
            return false;
        }

        gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, buffer);
        gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, data, gl.STATIC_DRAW);

        var attribute = gl.getAttribLocation(gl.program, attributeName);
        gl.vertexAttribPointer(attribute, numOfComponents, dataType, false, 0, 0);
        gl.enableVertexAttribArray(attribute);

        return true;
    }
</script>
</body>
</html>