I have not yet been able to reproduce this, on 0.45, macOS Sierra 10.12.4, Xcode 8.3.3. I have yarn installed, which means the CLI will use it instead of npm-cli, though I don't see any boost package in my node_modules/. I am able to launch the app on iOS, though I get a RedBox due to #14246.

@srijak I also come across this error , Im trying your solution now
it's OK now, tkx :)

Thanks for the fix @srijak, I was able to reproduce this too since upgrading from 44 to 0.45, even after clearing node_modules and installing via yarn or npm.

+1 same here!

Update: downloaded and replaced boost_1_63_0.tar.gz in the .rncache folder. It seem to fix the problem for me.

I just added code in the above rev to improve the logging around this failure. If you see it again, please post the output so we can try to narrow down what's going on here.

I thought I've figured out how to fix this problem.
It turns out that the node_modules/react-native/ios-install-third-party.sh did not run out right (Maybe because the network).

download files list:
https://github.com/google/glog/archive/v0.3.4.tar.gz 
https://github.com/google/double-conversion/archive/v1.1.5.tar.gz
https://github.com/react-native-community/boost-for-react-native/releases/download/v1.63.0-0/boost_1_63_0.tar.gz
https://github.com/facebook/folly/archive/v2016.09.26.00.tar.gz

So, I did the following steps:

0. download the files needed inside the .sh, put it in the ~/.rncache/.
1. copy the downloaded files into node_modules/react-native/third-party/, ran tar -zxf *** to each file.
2. build again, and worked for me.

I had this issue too, but it disappeared once I used react-native-git-upgrade for the upgrade.

Temporary Solution

Download boost_1_63_0.tar.gz to ~/.rncache/, replace if exist.

After trying absolutely everything in this tread and this one https://github.com/facebook/react-native/issues/7308 I still kept getting the same issue on:
react-native-cli: 2.0.1
react-native: 0.45.1

My build process would just error out and stop, giving me:

** BUILD FAILED **


The following commands produced analyzer issues:
	Analyze /Users/<MASKED>/node_modules/react-native/ReactCommon/yoga/yoga/YGNodeList.c
	Analyze /Users/<MASKED>/node_modules/react-native/ReactCommon/yoga/yoga/Yoga.c

(2 commands with analyzer issues)

The following build commands failed:
	CompileC /Users/<MASKED>/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/Build/Intermediates/React.build/Debug-iphonesimulator/third-party.build/Objects-normal/x86_64/Bits.o /Users/<MASKED>/node_modules/react-native/third-party/folly-2016.09.26.00/folly/Bits.cpp normal x86_64 c++ com.apple.compilers.llvm.clang.1_0.compiler
(1 failure)

Installing build/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/<MASKED>.app
An error was encountered processing the command (domain=NSPOSIXErrorDomain, code=2):
Failed to install the requested application
An application bundle was not found at the provided path.
Provide a valid path to the desired application bundle.
Print: Entry, ":CFBundleIdentifier", Does Not Exist

Command failed: /usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c Print:CFBundleIdentifier build/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/Mindchat.app/Info.plist
Print: Entry, ":CFBundleIdentifier", Does Not Exist

I then deleted the ios/ and android/ folders and did react-native eject then tried react-native-git-upgrade for the thousand time, and it worked!

Fixed by removing everything from ~/.rncache/

The fix proposed by @folivi above worked perfectly for me.

For the record, I stumbled upon this issue today when creating a brand new project with react-native init
react-native : 0.46.1
react-native-cli : 2.0.1

Edit : It would appear that the above fix works on a project using react-native@0.46.1, but not with react-native@0.45.0.