A set of utility functions for iterators, functions, and dictionaries.

See the PyToolz documentation at https://toolz.readthedocs.io

New BSD. See License File.

toolz is on the Python Package Index (PyPI):

pip install toolz

toolz is implemented in three parts:

itertoolz, for operations on iterables. Examples: groupby, unique, interpose,

functoolz, for higher-order functions. Examples: memoize, curry, compose,

dicttoolz, for operations on dictionaries. Examples: assoc, update-in, merge.

These functions come from the legacy of functional languages for list processing. They interoperate well to accomplish common complex tasks.

Read our API Documentation for more details.

This builds a standard wordcount function from pieces within toolz:

>>> def stem(word):
...     """ Stem word to primitive form """
...     return word.lower().rstrip(",.!:;'-\"").lstrip("'\"")

>>> from toolz import compose, frequencies
>>> from toolz.curried import map
>>> wordcount = compose(frequencies, map(stem), str.split)

>>> sentence = "This cat jumped over this other cat!"
>>> wordcount(sentence)
{'this': 2, 'cat': 2, 'jumped': 1, 'over': 1, 'other': 1}

toolz supports Python 3.8+ with a common codebase. It is pure Python and requires no dependencies beyond the standard library.

It is, in short, a lightweight dependency.

The toolz project has been reimplemented in Cython. The cytoolz project is a drop-in replacement for the Pure Python implementation. See CyToolz GitHub Page for more details.

• Underscore.js: A similar library for JavaScript
• Enumerable: A similar library for Ruby
• Clojure: A functional language whose standard library has several counterparts in toolz
• itertools: The Python standard library for iterator tools
• functools: The Python standard library for function tools

This project is alive but inactive.

The original maintainers have mostly moved on to other endeavors. We're still around for critical bug fixes, Python version bumps, and security issues and will commit to keeping the project alive (it's highly depended upon). However, beyond that we don't plan to spend much time reviewing contributions. We view Toolz as mostly complete.

We encourage enthusiasts to innovate in new and wonderful places 🚀