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ScreenRecorder

Android 5.0+ 屏幕录制

从 Android 4.4 开始支持手机端本地录屏,但首先需要获取 root 权限才行,Android 5.0 引入 MediaProject, 可以不用 root 就可以录屏,但需要弹权限获取窗口,需要用户允许才行,这里主要介绍 Android 5.0+ 利用 MediaProject 在非 root 情况下实现屏幕录制。

基本原理

在 Android 5.0,Google 终于开放了视频录制的接口,其实严格来说,是屏幕采集的接口,也就是 MediaProjection 和 MediaProjectionManager。

具体实现步骤

1 申请权限

在 AndroidManifest 中添加权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO"/>

Android 6.0 加入的动态权限申请,如果应用的 targetSdkVersion 是 23,申请敏感权限还需要动态申请

if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
    != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {  
  ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[] {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, STORAGE_REQUEST_CODE);
}
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)
    != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {  
  ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[] {Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO}, AUDIO_REQUEST_CODE);
}

2 获取 MediaProjectionManager 实例

MediaProjectionManager 也是系统服务的一种,通过 getSystemService 来获取实例

MediaProjectionManager projectionManager = (MediaProjectionManager) getSystemService(MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE);

3 发起屏幕捕捉请求

Intent captureIntent= projectionManager.createScreenCaptureIntent(); 
startActivityForResult(captureIntent, REQUEST_CODE);

4 获取 MediaProjection

通过 onActivityResult 返回结果获取 MediaProjection

protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
  if (requestCode == RECORD_REQUEST_CODE && resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
    mediaProjection = projectionManager.getMediaProjection(resultCode, data);
  }
}

5 创建虚拟屏幕

这一步就是通过 MediaProject 录制屏幕的关键所在,VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_AUTO_MIRROR 参数是指创建屏幕镜像,所以我们实际录制内容的是屏幕镜像,但内容和实际屏幕是一样的,并且这里我们把 VirtualDisplay 的渲染目标 Surface 设置为 MediaRecordergetSurface,后面我就可以通过 MediaRecorder 将屏幕内容录制下来,并且存成 video 文件

private void createVirtualDisplay() {
  virtualDisplay = mediaProjection.createVirtualDisplay(
        "MainScreen",
        width,
        height,
        dpi,
        DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_AUTO_MIRROR,
        mediaRecorder.getSurface(),
        null, null);
}

6 录制屏幕数据

这里利用 MediaRecord 将屏幕内容保存下来,当然也可以利用其它方式保存屏幕内容,例如:ImageReader

private void initRecorder() {
  File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), System.currentTimeMillis() + ".mp4");
  mediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
  mediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.SURFACE);
  mediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.THREE_GPP);
  mediaRecorder.setOutputFile(file.getAbsolutePath());
  mediaRecorder.setVideoSize(width, height);
  mediaRecorder.setVideoEncoder(MediaRecorder.VideoEncoder.H264);
  mediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB);
  mediaRecorder.setVideoEncodingBitRate(5 * 1024 * 1024);
  mediaRecorder.setVideoFrameRate(30);
  try {
    mediaRecorder.prepare();
  } catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
  }
}

public boolean startRecord() {
  if (mediaProjection == null || running) {
    return false;
  }
  initRecorder();
  createVirtualDisplay();
  mediaRecorder.start();
  running = true;
  return true;
}

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Android 5.0+ 屏幕录制

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