GATK之FastaStats和CountReads
GATK的本职工作是Variant calling，但是就像我之前所说的，它作为基因组分析工具箱，还是有很多其他工具，今天学习的是诊断和质量控制工具的其中两个:CountReads，FastaStats。
FastaStats
功能： 计算参考基因组的基本统计值
分类： 诊断和质量控制工具
概要： 主要就是统计碱基总数，和常规的碱基数（ATCG）
吐槽：功能还真是简单。。
输入： FASTA参考文件
输出： 结果要么输出到屏幕，要么是输出到(-o)到文件中。
使用案例：我看了一下拟南芥的参考基因组
java -jar ~/biosoft/GenomeAnalysisTK.jar -T FastaStats \
-R TAIR10.fa
输出：
Total bases 119667750
Regular bases 119481543CountReads
功能： 计算reads数
分类： 诊断和质量控制工具
概要： 最好和--read-filter合用，这样可以了解下符合特定标准的reads数
输入： 一个或多个BAM文件
输出： 结果会输出到屏幕（标准输出）上，毕竟是用来确定阈值的，也不需要一定要输出到文件中
案例：不加参数--read-filter
java -jar ~/biosoft/GenomeAnalysisTK.jar -T CountReads\
-R $work/database/TAIR10/TAIR10.fa\
-I BC_bg_reads.sorted.bam
输出：
CountReads - CountReads counted 55080781 reads in the traversal--read-filter/-rf后面可以接很多的选项，官方文档列出了如下内容：
| Name | Summary |
|---|---|
| BadCigarFilter | Filter out reads with wonky CIGAR strings |
| BadMateFilter | Filter out reads whose mate maps to a different contig |
| CountingFilteringIterator.CountingReadFilter | |
| DuplicateReadFilter | Filter out duplicate reads |
| FailsVendorQualityCheckFilter | Filter out reads that fail the vendor quality check |
| HCMappingQualityFilter | Filter out reads with low mapping qualities for HaplotypeCaller |
| LibraryReadFilter | Only use reads from the specified library |
| MalformedReadFilter | Filter out malformed reads |
| MappingQualityFilter | Filter out reads with low mapping qualities |
| MappingQualityUnavailableFilter | Filter out reads with no mapping quality information |
| MappingQualityZeroFilter | Filter out reads with mapping quality zero |
| MateSameStrandFilter | Filter out reads with bad pairing (and related) properties |
| MaxInsertSizeFilter | Filter out reads that exceed a given insert size |
| MissingReadGroupFilter | Filter out reads without read group information |
| NoOriginalQualityScoresFilter | Filter out reads that do not have an original quality quality score (OQ) tag |
| NotPrimaryAlignmentFilter | Filter out read records that are secondary alignments |
| OverclippedReadFilter | Filter out reads that are over-soft-clipped |
| Platform454Filter | Filter out reads produced by 454 technology |
| PlatformFilter | Filter out reads that were generated by a specific sequencing platform |
| PlatformUnitFilter | Filter out reads with blacklisted platform unit tags |
| ReadGroupBlackListFilter | Filter out reads matching a read group tag value |
| ReadLengthFilter | Filter out reads based on length |
| ReadNameFilter | Only use reads with this read name |
| ReadStrandFilter | Filter out reads based on strand orientation |
| ReassignMappingQualityFilter | Set the mapping quality of all reads to a given value |
| ReassignOneMappingQualityFilter | Set the mapping quality of reads with a given value to another given value |
| ReassignOriginalMQAfterIndelRealignmentFilter | Revert the MQ of reads that were modified by IndelRealigner |
| SampleFilter | Only use reads belonging to a specific sample |
| SingleReadGroupFilter | Only use reads from the specified read group |
| UnmappedReadFilter | Filter out unmapped reads |
使用的时候记住，对于XXXXFilter，你需要点每个过滤选项进去看下具体用法，比如说我需要过滤比对质量低于20的,我发现MappingQualityFilter的用法解释是
java -jar GenomeAnalysisTk.jar \
-T HaplotypeCaller \
-R reference.fasta \
-I input.bam \
-o output.vcf \
-rf MappingQuality \
-mmq 15那么我前面的代码就可以改为
java -jar ~/biosoft/GenomeAnalysisTK.jar -T CountReads \
-R $work/database/TAIR10/TAIR10.fa -I BC_bg_reads.sorted.bam \
-rf MappingQuality -mmq 15
结果：
8190205 reads were filtered out during the traversal out of
approximately 55080781 total reads (14.87%)果然加上比对质量后，就有一些要被过滤掉呢。
基本上GATK每一个工具都有一些默认过滤选项，你可以在每个工具的额外信息部分进行了解。
今天就介绍这两个工具，顺便提了GATK的过滤功能。白了个白，每天学个GATK的任务完成。